Column | In the lion’s royal shadow

Column | In the lion’s royal shadow

Lions have long been symbols of royalty across the world. In India, kings sat on lion thrones (simha-asana), and Durga, the patron goddess of royal households, is shown riding into battle on a lion. Uniquely, in our country, lions are also linked with ascetics and their guardian goddesses. Both kings and ascetic were called shardula, a […]

Continue Reading
Column | Shiva’s sexuality and Buddha’s celibacy

Column | Shiva’s sexuality and Buddha’s celibacy

The Ocean Sutra is a 1,500-year-old Mahayana Buddhist manuscript that shows a strong influence of Tantrik Shaiva ideology. It was composed in Central Asia at a time when Buddhism, which rose 2,500 years ago and had overshadowed Vedic ritual practices, began facing pushback from the rise of temples dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu. While Buddha […]

Continue Reading